Ungulates is a general term for a large, varied group of mammals that includes horses, cattle, and
their relatives. The ungulates are divided into two orders on the basis of the number of toes. Members
of the order Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) have one or three toes. Perissodactyls include horses,
onagers, and zebras (all of which are one-toed), and rhinoceroses and tapirs (which are three-toed). Members of the order Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) have two or four toes. Most artiodactyls
have two toes, which are typically encased in hooves to give the so-called cloven hoof. Two-toed, cloven-hoofed artiodactyls include cows and other cattle, sheep, goats, antelopes, deer, and giraffes. The other main two-toed artiodactyls are camels and llamas. Most two-toed artiodactyls are ruminants; that is, they have a fourchambered stomach and chew the cud. The principal four-toed artiodactyls are pigs, peccaries, and hippopotamuses.
